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July 2, 2019
My PhD is too large to present in one entry, so I have
presented it in sections over the years, in numerous PhD Edits.
‘Incredibly’ this section I am posting today did not list in
either the external or internal Blogger search. This appears 'new' for this website. This section defines very well
an aspect of my position on compatibilism. I am pleased to revisit it.
The Blogger archives top right, can be searched for comments on
incompatibilism/libertarian free will and as well, hard determinism which are
philosophically related, but differing concepts, to compatibilism/soft
determinism. The archives can also be searched for listed authors. Thank you...
2010 Theodicy and Practical Theology: PhD thesis, the
University of Wales, Trinity Saint David, Lampeter
God is the
primary cause of all actions including ones leading to evil and sin,[1]
and human beings are the secondary cause.[2] In this way the act is entirely determined[3]
by God as the primary cause and yet is done voluntarily by the secondary human
cause without force or coercion.[4] This is in line with Calvin and Feinberg’s
theological explanations.[5] Philosophically, God can determine actions
that are also committed by secondary causes,[6]
and this does not necessarily mean that the reasoning and motives of the
primary and secondary causes are identical or similar.[7]
I conclude that theologically and
philosophically God, with pure motives, can will and permit evil and sin that
human beings will and commit with rebellious attitudes, using limited
compatibilistic[8]
free will and not under compulsion.[9]
CALVIN, JOHN (1539)(1998) The Institutes of the Christian Religion, Book II, Translated by Henry Beveridge, Grand Rapids, The Christian Classic Ethereal Library, Wheaton College.
CALVIN, JOHN (1539)(1998) The Institutes of the Christian Religion, Book IV, Translated by Henry Beveridge, Grand Rapids, The Christian Classic Ethereal Library, Wheaton College.
CALVIN, JOHN (1543)(1996) The Bondage and Liberation of the Will, Translated by G.I. Davies, Grand Rapids, Baker Book House.
EDWARDS, JONATHAN (1729)(2006) Sovereignty of God, New Haven, Connecticut, Jonathan Edwards Center, Yale University.
http://edwards.yale.edu/archive/documents/page?document_id=10817&search_id=&source_type=edited&pagenumber=1
EDWARDS, JONATHAN (1731-1733)(2006) Law
of Nature, New Haven, Connecticut, Jonathan Edwards Center, Yale
University.
EDWARDS, JONATHAN (1754)(2006) Freedom
of the Will, Flower Mound, Texas. Jonathanedwards.com.
FEINBERG, JOHN.S. (1994) The Many Faces
of Evil, Grand Rapids, Zondervan Publishing House.
FEINBERG, JOHN.S. (2001) No One Like Him,
John S. Feinberg (gen.ed.), Wheaton, Illinois, Crossway Books.
GREENSPAN, P.S. (1998) Free Will and Genetic Determinism: Locating the Problem (s), Maryland, University of Maryland.
POJMAN, LOUIS P. (1996) Philosophy: The
Quest for Truth, New York, Wadsworth Publishing Company.
PRUSS, ALEXANDER R. (2003) ‘A New Free-Will
Defence’, in Religious Studies, Volume 39, pp. 211-223. Cambridge, Cambridge
University Press.
[1] Edwards (1754)(2006 2.1: 1-1-2).
Calvin (1543)(1996:
37-40).
[2] Pojman (1996:
596).
[3] Pojman (1996: 596).
[4] Pojman (1996: 596).
[5] Calvin (1543)(1996: 37-40). Feinberg (1986: 24).
[6] Edwards (1754)(2006 2.1: 1-1-2).
[7] Calvin
(1543)(1996: 37-40).
[8] Feinberg (1986: 24). Feinberg (1994:
60). Greenspan (1998: 1). Pruss (2003: 216).
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