Thursday, September 22, 2016

Sweeping generalizations

New Westminster Quay

New West Minster Quay
PIRIE, MADSEN (2006)(2015) How To Win Every Argument, Bloomsbury, London.

'Dicto simpliciter is the fallacy of sweeping generalization.' (83).

'All atheists are immoral.'

Does one know the ethical and moral views of each and every atheist?

'Religion is the cause of the evils of the world.'

Which religion? They are not all the same in worldview. Is not some evil caused from non-religious sources?

Pirie:

To insist that the generalization must apply to each and every case, regardless of individual differences, is to commit the fallacy of  Dicto simpliciter.  (83).

He further that many of our statements are not universals and that this because at times there are accidental features which makes something an exception. (83).

About Education

Definition

'Dicto Simpliciter is a fallacy in which a general rule or observation is treated as universally true regardless of the circumstances or the individuals concerned. Also known as the fallacy of sweeping generalization, unqualified generalization, a dicto simpliciter ad dictum secundum quid, and fallacy of the accident (fallacia accidentis).'

This site then quotes Blackburn from 2016, a new version of the text I use:

'A dicto simpliciter ad dictum secundum quid ("from the statement unqualified to the statement qualified") is the fallacy of arguing from a general to a particular case without recognizing qualifying factors: "If some snakes are harmless, then some snakes in this bag are harmless" (The Oxford Dictionary of Philosophy, 2016).'

This is another form of accident fallacy:

Composition fallacy June 9, 2016

Anecdote December 16, 2015

Accident fallacy November 29, 2015

Accident fallacy November 7, 2015